#acupoftea - mail.ontime-ae.com

System	:	Linux server1.ontime-gulf.com 4.18.0-553.5.1.el8_10.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Jun 5 09:12:13 EDT 2024 x86_64
Software	:	Apache
Server	:	162.0.230.206
Domains	:	40 Domain
Permission	:	[ drwxr-xr-x ]
	:	/ usr / share / perl5 /

216.73.216.49

Home

File integer.pm

package integer;

our $VERSION = '1.01';

=head1 NAME

integer - Perl pragma to use integer arithmetic instead of floating point

=head1 SYNOPSIS

use integer;
    $x = 10/3;
    # $x is now 3, not 3.33333333333333333

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This tells the compiler to use integer operations from here to the end
of the enclosing BLOCK.  On many machines, this doesn't matter a great
deal for most computations, but on those without floating point
hardware, it can make a big difference in performance.

Note that this only affects how most of the arithmetic and relational
B<operators> handle their operands and results, and B<not> how all
numbers everywhere are treated.  Specifically, C<use integer;> has the
effect that before computing the results of the arithmetic operators
(+, -, *, /, %, +=, -=, *=, /=, %=, and unary minus), the comparison
operators (<, <=, >, >=, ==, !=, <=>), and the bitwise operators (|, &,
^, <<, >>, |=, &=, ^=, <<=, >>=), the operands have their fractional
portions truncated (or floored), and the result will have its
fractional portion truncated as well.  In addition, the range of
operands and results is restricted to that of familiar two's complement
integers, i.e., -(2**31) .. (2**31-1) on 32-bit architectures, and
-(2**63) .. (2**63-1) on 64-bit architectures.  For example, this code

use integer;
    $x = 5.8;
    $y = 2.5;
    $z = 2.7;
    $a = 2**31 - 1;  # Largest positive integer on 32-bit machines
    $, = ", ";
    print $x, -$x, $x+$y, $x-$y, $x/$y, $x*$y, $y==$z, $a, $a+1;

will print:  5.8, -5, 7, 3, 2, 10, 1, 2147483647, -2147483648

Note that $x is still printed as having its true non-integer value of
5.8 since it wasn't operated on.  And note too the wrap-around from the
largest positive integer to the largest negative one.   Also, arguments
passed to functions and the values returned by them are B<not> affected
by C<use integer;>.  E.g.,

srand(1.5);
    $, = ", ";
    print sin(.5), cos(.5), atan2(1,2), sqrt(2), rand(10);

will give the same result with or without C<use integer;>  The power
operator C<**> is also not affected, so that 2 ** .5 is always the
square root of 2.  Now, it so happens that the pre- and post- increment
and decrement operators, ++ and --, are not affected by C<use integer;>
either.  Some may rightly consider this to be a bug -- but at least it's
a long-standing one.

Finally, C<use integer;> also has an additional affect on the bitwise
operators.  Normally, the operands and results are treated as
B<unsigned> integers, but with C<use integer;> the operands and results
are B<signed>.  This means, among other things, that ~0 is -1, and -2 &
-5 is -6.

Internally, native integer arithmetic (as provided by your C compiler)
is used.  This means that Perl's own semantics for arithmetic
operations may not be preserved.  One common source of trouble is the
modulus of negative numbers, which Perl does one way, but your hardware
may do another.

% perl -le 'print (4 % -3)'
    -2
    % perl -Minteger -le 'print (4 % -3)'
    1

See L<perlmodlib/"Pragmatic Modules">, L<perlop/"Integer Arithmetic">

=cut

$integer::hint_bits = 0x1;

sub import {
    $^H |= $integer::hint_bits;
}

sub unimport {
    $^H &= ~$integer::hint_bits;
}

Name	Type	Size	Permission	Last Modified	Actions
.	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
..	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-10-16 10:59:21
Attribute	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
B	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
CPAN	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2024-03-13 04:56:46
Class	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Compress	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2024-03-13 04:36:57
Config	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
DBM_Filter	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Devel	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
ExtUtils	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
File	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Getopt	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
I18N	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
IO	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
IPC	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Locale	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-28 08:08:32
Math	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Memoize	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Module	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Net	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Pod	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Search	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Term	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Text	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Thread	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Tie	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Time	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
URI	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2024-03-13 04:36:40
Unicode	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
User	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
encoding	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
overload	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
pod	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
unicore	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
vendor_perl	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-28 08:07:18
warnings	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
AnyDBM_File.pm	text/plain	2.56 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
AutoLoader.pm	text/plain	15.43 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
AutoSplit.pm	text/plain	19.18 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Benchmark.pm	text/plain	30.3 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
CORE.pod	text/plain	3.11 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
DB.pm	text/plain	18.48 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
DBM_Filter.pm	text/plain	14.05 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
DirHandle.pm	text/plain	1.52 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Dumpvalue.pm	text/plain	17.14 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
English.pm	text/plain	4.65 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
FileCache.pm	text/plain	5.44 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
FileHandle.pm	text/plain	6.63 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
FindBin.pm	text/plain	4.45 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Internals.pod	text/plain	2.52 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Memoize.pm	text/plain	35.34 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:08:32
NEXT.pm	text/plain	18.4 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
PerlIO.pm	text/plain	10.21 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Safe.pm	text/plain	24.49 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
SelectSaver.pm	text/plain	1.05 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
SelfLoader.pm	text/plain	17.28 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:08:32
Symbol.pm	text/plain	4.69 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Test.pm	text/plain	29.35 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:08:32
Thread.pm	text/plain	8.09 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
UNIVERSAL.pm	text/plain	6.44 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
URI.pm	text/plain	33.97 KB	-rw-r--r--	2018-01-09 06:42:55
XSLoader.pm	text/plain	11 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
_charnames.pm	text/plain	32.39 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
autouse.pm	text/plain	4.14 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
base.pm	text/plain	10.72 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
blib.pm	text/plain	2.04 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
bytes.pm	text/plain	3.67 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
bytes_heavy.pl	text/plain	758 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
charnames.pm	text/plain	20.38 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
deprecate.pm	text/plain	3.01 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
diagnostics.pm	text/plain	18.59 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
dumpvar.pl	text/plain	15.19 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
feature.pm	text/plain	16.68 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
fields.pm	text/plain	9.27 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
filetest.pm	text/plain	3.91 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
if.pm	text/plain	3.26 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
integer.pm	text/plain	3.18 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
less.pm	text/plain	3.13 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
locale.pm	text/plain	4.74 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
meta_notation.pm	text/plain	2.07 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
open.pm	text/plain	7.83 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:08:32
overload.pm	text/plain	52.06 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
overloading.pm	text/plain	1.77 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
perl5db.pl	text/plain	309 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
sigtrap.pm	text/plain	7.43 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
sort.pm	text/plain	5.94 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
strict.pm	text/plain	4.63 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
subs.pm	text/plain	848 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
utf8.pm	text/plain	8.9 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
utf8_heavy.pl	text/plain	30.87 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
vars.pm	text/plain	2.36 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
vmsish.pm	text/plain	4.21 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
warnings.pm	text/plain	43.71 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09

~ ACUPOFTEA - mail.ontime-ae.com