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File NDBM_File.pm

package NDBM_File;

use strict;
use warnings;

require Tie::Hash;
require XSLoader;

our @ISA = qw(Tie::Hash);
our $VERSION = "1.14";

XSLoader::load();

__END__

=head1 NAME

NDBM_File - Tied access to ndbm files

=head1 SYNOPSIS

use Fcntl;   # For O_RDWR, O_CREAT, etc.
  use NDBM_File;

tie(%h, 'NDBM_File', 'filename', O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0666)
    or die "Couldn't tie NDBM file 'filename': $!; aborting";

# Now read and change the hash
  $h{newkey} = newvalue;
  print $h{oldkey};
  ...

untie %h;

=head1 DESCRIPTION

C<NDBM_File> establishes a connection between a Perl hash variable and
a file in NDBM_File format;.  You can manipulate the data in the file
just as if it were in a Perl hash, but when your program exits, the
data will remain in the file, to be used the next time your program
runs.

Use C<NDBM_File> with the Perl built-in C<tie> function to establish
the connection between the variable and the file.  The arguments to
C<tie> should be:

=over 4

=item 1.

The hash variable you want to tie.

=item 2.

The string C<"NDBM_File">.  (Ths tells Perl to use the C<NDBM_File>
package to perform the functions of the hash.)

=item 3.

The name of the file you want to tie to the hash.

=item 4.

Flags.  Use one of:

=over 2

=item C<O_RDONLY>

Read-only access to the data in the file.

=item C<O_WRONLY>

Write-only access to the data in the file.

=item C<O_RDWR>

Both read and write access.

=back

If you want to create the file if it does not exist, add C<O_CREAT> to
any of these, as in the example.  If you omit C<O_CREAT> and the file
does not already exist, the C<tie> call will fail.

=item 5.

The default permissions to use if a new file is created.  The actual
permissions will be modified by the user's umask, so you should
probably use 0666 here. (See L<perlfunc/umask>.)

=back

=head1 DIAGNOSTICS

On failure, the C<tie> call returns an undefined value and probably
sets C<$!> to contain the reason the file could not be tied.

=head2 C<ndbm store returned -1, errno 22, key "..." at ...>

This warning is emitted when you try to store a key or a value that
is too long.  It means that the change was not recorded in the
database.  See BUGS AND WARNINGS below.

=head1 BUGS AND WARNINGS

There are a number of limits on the size of the data that you can
store in the NDBM file.  The most important is that the length of a
key, plus the length of its associated value, may not exceed 1008
bytes.

See L<perlfunc/tie>, L<perldbmfilter>, L<Fcntl>

=cut

Name	Type	Size	Permission	Last Modified	Actions
.	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
..	DIR	-	dr-xr-xr-x	2025-10-21 10:57:26
B	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
CORE	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
Devel	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
File	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
Hash	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
I18N	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
IO	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
IPC	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-28 08:07:09
PerlIO	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
Sys	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
Tie	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Time	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:25
asm	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
asm-generic	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
auto	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-28 08:07:09
bits	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
gnu	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
linux	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
machine	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-28 08:07:18
sys	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-29 10:57:24
vendor_perl	DIR	-	drwxr-xr-x	2025-07-28 08:07:18
B.pm	text/plain	30.72 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Config.pm	text/plain	3.12 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Config.pod	text/plain	250.87 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Config_git.pl	text/plain	409 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Config_heavy.pl	text/plain	55.33 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
DynaLoader.pm	text/plain	24.63 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Errno.pm	text/plain	6.7 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Fcntl.pm	text/plain	3.95 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
GDBM_File.pm	text/plain	1.51 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
IO.pm	text/plain	1.42 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
NDBM_File.pm	text/plain	2.44 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
O.pm	text/plain	4.11 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
ODBM_File.pm	text/plain	2.33 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
Opcode.pm	text/plain	15.52 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
POSIX.pm	text/plain	19.72 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
POSIX.pod	text/plain	71.98 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
SDBM_File.pm	text/plain	3.46 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
_h2ph_pre.ph	text/plain	28.57 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
arybase.pm	text/plain	2.75 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
attributes.pm	text/plain	16.53 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
endian.ph	text/plain	4.36 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
features.ph	text/plain	13.37 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
lib.pm	text/plain	5.87 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
mro.pm	text/plain	9.86 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
ops.pm	text/plain	997 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
perllocal.pod	text/plain	3.31 KB	-rw-r--r--	2024-03-13 05:14:35
re.pm	text/plain	22.16 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:09
signal.ph	text/plain	3.3 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
stdarg.ph	text/plain	2.8 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
stdc-predef.ph	text/plain	840 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
stddef.ph	text/plain	12.08 KB	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
syscall.ph	text/plain	86 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
syslimits.ph	text/plain	452 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
syslog.ph	text/plain	85 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18
wait.ph	text/plain	83 B	-rw-r--r--	2025-07-28 08:07:18

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